Vi Command
From Luke Jackson
| Revision as of 08:27, 7 April 2008 (edit) Ljackson (Talk | contribs) (→Usage) ← Previous diff |
Current revision (15:15, 21 January 2009) (edit) Ljackson (Talk | contribs) (→Sources) |
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| or: vim [arguments] -q [errorfile] edit file with first error | or: vim [arguments] -q [errorfile] edit file with first error | ||
| </pre> | </pre> | ||
| - | |||
| ===General Startup=== | ===General Startup=== | ||
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| ===Cursor Movement=== | ===Cursor Movement=== | ||
| - | h move left (backspace) | + | h - move left (backspace) |
| - | j move down | + | j - move down |
| - | k move up | + | k - move up |
| - | l move right (spacebar) | + | l - move right (spacebar) |
| - | [return] move to the beginning of the next line | + | [return] - move to the beginning of the next line |
| - | $ last column on the current line | + | $ - last column on the current line |
| - | 0 move cursor to the first column on the current line | + | 0 - move cursor to the first column on the current line |
| - | ^ move cursor to first nonblank column on the current line | + | ^ - move cursor to first nonblank column on the current line |
| - | w move to the beginning of the next word or punctuation mark | + | w - move to the beginning of the next word or punctuation mark |
| - | W move past the next space | + | W - move past the next space |
| - | b move to the beginning of the previous word or punctuation mark | + | b - move to the beginning of the previous word or punctuation mark |
| - | B move to the beginning of the previous word, ignores punctuation | + | B - move to the beginning of the previous word, ignores punctuation |
| - | e end of next word or punctuation mark | + | e - end of next word or punctuation mark |
| - | E end of next word, ignoring punctuation | + | E - end of next word, ignoring punctuation |
| - | H move cursor to the top of the screen | + | H - move cursor to the top of the screen |
| - | M move cursor to the middle of the screen | + | M - move cursor to the middle of the screen |
| - | L move cursor to the bottom of the screen | + | L - move cursor to the bottom of the screen |
| ===Screen Movement=== | ===Screen Movement=== | ||
| - | G move to the last line in the file | + | G - move to the last line in the file |
| - | xG move to line x | + | xG - move to line x |
| - | z+ move current line to top of screen | + | z+ - move current line to top of screen |
| - | z move current line to the middle of screen | + | z - move current line to the middle of screen |
| - | z- move current line to the bottom of screen | + | z- - move current line to the bottom of screen |
| - | ^F move forward one screen | + | ^F - move forward one screen |
| - | ^B move backward one line | + | ^B - move backward one line |
| - | ^D move forward one half screen | + | ^D - move forward one half screen |
| - | ^U move backward one half screen | + | ^U - move backward one half screen |
| - | ^R redraw screen ( does not work with VT100 type terminals ) | + | ^R - redraw screen ( does not work with VT100 type terminals ) |
| - | ^L redraw screen ( does not work with Televideo terminals ) | + | ^L - redraw screen ( does not work with Televideo terminals ) |
| ===Inserting=== | ===Inserting=== | ||
| - | r replace character under cursor with next character typed | + | r - replace character under cursor with next character typed |
| - | R keep replacing character until [esc] is hit | + | R - keep replacing character until [esc] is hit |
| - | i insert before cursor | + | i - insert before cursor |
| - | a append after cursor | + | a - append after cursor |
| - | A append at end of line | + | A - append at end of line |
| - | O open line above cursor and enter append mode | + | O - open line above cursor and enter append mode |
| ===Deleting=== | ===Deleting=== | ||
| - | x delete character under cursor | + | x - delete character under cursor |
| - | dd delete line under cursor | + | dd - delete line under cursor |
| - | dw delete word under cursor | + | dw - delete word under cursor |
| - | db delete word before cursor | + | db - delete word before cursor |
| ===Copying Code=== | ===Copying Code=== | ||
| - | yy (yank)'copies' line which may then be put by the p(put) command. Precede with a count for multiple lines. | + | yy - (yank)'copies' line which may then be put by the p(put) command. Precede with a count for multiple lines. |
| ===Put Command=== | ===Put Command=== | ||
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| Brings back previous deletion or yank of lines, words, or characters | Brings back previous deletion or yank of lines, words, or characters | ||
| - | P bring back before cursor | + | P - bring back before cursor |
| - | p bring back after cursor | + | p - bring back after cursor |
| ===Find Commands=== | ===Find Commands=== | ||
| - | ? finds a word going backwards | + | ? - finds a word going backwards |
| - | / finds a word going forwards | + | / - finds a word going forwards |
| - | f finds a character on the line under the cursor going forward | + | f - finds a character on the line under the cursor going forward |
| - | F finds a character on the line under the cursor going backwards | + | F - finds a character on the line under the cursor going backwards |
| - | t find a character on the current line going forward and stop one character before it | + | t - find a character on the current line going forward and stop one character before it |
| - | T find a character on the current line going backward and stop one character before it | + | T - find a character on the current line going backward and stop one character before it |
| - | ; repeat last f, F, t, T | + | <nowiki>; - repeat last f, F, t, T</nowiki> |
| ===Miscellaneous Commands=== | ===Miscellaneous Commands=== | ||
| - | . repeat last command | + | . - repeat last command |
| - | u undoes last command issued | + | u - undoes last command issued |
| - | U undoes all commands on one line | + | U - undoes all commands on one line |
| - | xp deletes first character and inserts after second (swap) | + | xp - deletes first character and inserts after second (swap) |
| - | J join current line with the next line | + | J - join current line with the next line |
| - | ^G display current line number | + | ^G - display current line number |
| - | % if at one parenthesis, will jump to its mate | + | % - if at one parenthesis, will jump to its mate |
| - | mx mark current line with character x | + | mx - mark current line with character x |
| - | 'x find line marked with character x | + | 'x - find line marked with character x |
| NOTE: Marks are internal and not written to the file. | NOTE: Marks are internal and not written to the file. | ||
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| Copies (reads) filename after cursor in file currently editing | Copies (reads) filename after cursor in file currently editing | ||
| - | :r filename | + | :r filename |
| ===WRITE FILE=== | ===WRITE FILE=== | ||
| - | :w saves the current file without quitting | + | saves the current file without quitting |
| + | |||
| + | :w | ||
| ===MOVING=== | ===MOVING=== | ||
| - | :# move to line # | + | move to line # |
| + | |||
| + | :# | ||
| + | |||
| + | move to last line of file | ||
| - | :$ move to last line of file | + | :$ |
| ===SHELL ESCAPE=== | ===SHELL ESCAPE=== | ||
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| Executes 'cmd' as a shell command. | Executes 'cmd' as a shell command. | ||
| - | :!'cmd' | + | :!'cmd' |
| == Arguments == | == Arguments == | ||
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| :set nonumber | :set nonumber | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Sources == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * http://www.cs.rit.edu/~cslab/vi.html | ||
| + | * http://www.lagmonster.org/docs/vi.html#motion | ||
| [[Category:Mac OS X]] | [[Category:Mac OS X]] | ||
| [[Category:Linux]] | [[Category:Linux]] | ||
Current revision
vi -- Linux/Unix/Mac OS X Basic Text Editor
Contents |
Introduction
You can use vi to edit files via SHELL. It is very helpful when are you are managing a system remotely.
Usage
usage: vim [arguments] [file ..] edit specified file(s) or: vim [arguments] - read text from stdin or: vim [arguments] -t tag edit file where tag is defined or: vim [arguments] -q [errorfile] edit file with first error
General Startup
To use vi: vi filename To exit vi and save changes: ZZ or :wq To exit vi without saving changes: :q! To enter vi command mode: [esc]
Counts
A number preceding any vi command tells vi to repeat that command that many times.
Cursor Movement
h - move left (backspace)
j - move down
k - move up
l - move right (spacebar)
[return] - move to the beginning of the next line
$ - last column on the current line
0 - move cursor to the first column on the current line
^ - move cursor to first nonblank column on the current line
w - move to the beginning of the next word or punctuation mark
W - move past the next space
b - move to the beginning of the previous word or punctuation mark
B - move to the beginning of the previous word, ignores punctuation
e - end of next word or punctuation mark
E - end of next word, ignoring punctuation
H - move cursor to the top of the screen
M - move cursor to the middle of the screen
L - move cursor to the bottom of the screen
Screen Movement
G - move to the last line in the file
xG - move to line x
z+ - move current line to top of screen
z - move current line to the middle of screen
z- - move current line to the bottom of screen
^F - move forward one screen
^B - move backward one line
^D - move forward one half screen
^U - move backward one half screen
^R - redraw screen ( does not work with VT100 type terminals )
^L - redraw screen ( does not work with Televideo terminals )
Inserting
r - replace character under cursor with next character typed
R - keep replacing character until [esc] is hit
i - insert before cursor
a - append after cursor
A - append at end of line
O - open line above cursor and enter append mode
Deleting
x - delete character under cursor
dd - delete line under cursor
dw - delete word under cursor
db - delete word before cursor
Copying Code
yy - (yank)'copies' line which may then be put by the p(put) command. Precede with a count for multiple lines.
Put Command
Brings back previous deletion or yank of lines, words, or characters
P - bring back before cursor
p - bring back after cursor
Find Commands
? - finds a word going backwards
/ - finds a word going forwards
f - finds a character on the line under the cursor going forward
F - finds a character on the line under the cursor going backwards
t - find a character on the current line going forward and stop one character before it
T - find a character on the current line going backward and stop one character before it
; - repeat last f, F, t, T
Miscellaneous Commands
. - repeat last command
u - undoes last command issued
U - undoes all commands on one line
xp - deletes first character and inserts after second (swap)
J - join current line with the next line
^G - display current line number
% - if at one parenthesis, will jump to its mate
mx - mark current line with character x
'x - find line marked with character x
NOTE: Marks are internal and not written to the file.
Line Editor Mode
Any commands form the line editor ex can be issued upon entering line mode.
To enter: type ':'
To exit: press[return] or [esc]
ex Commands For a complete list consult the UNIX Programmer's Manual
READING FILES
Copies (reads) filename after cursor in file currently editing
:r filename
WRITE FILE
saves the current file without quitting
:w
MOVING
move to line #
:#
move to last line of file
:$
SHELL ESCAPE
Executes 'cmd' as a shell command.
:!'cmd'
Arguments
-- Only file names after this -v Vi mode (like "vi") -e Ex mode (like "ex") -s Silent (batch) mode (only for "ex") -d Diff mode (like "vimdiff") -y Easy mode (like "evim", modeless) -R Readonly mode (like "view") -Z Restricted mode (like "rvim") -m Modifications (writing files) not allowed -M Modifications in text not allowed -b Binary mode -l Lisp mode -C Compatible with Vi: 'compatible' -N Not fully Vi compatible: 'nocompatible' -V[N] Verbose level -D Debugging mode -n No swap file, use memory only -r List swap files and exit -r (with file name) Recover crashed session -L Same as -r -T <terminal> Set terminal type to <terminal> -u <vimrc> Use <vimrc> instead of any .vimrc --noplugin Don't load plugin scripts -o[N] Open N windows (default: one for each file) -O[N] Like -o but split vertically + Start at end of file +<lnum> Start at line <lnum> --cmd <command> Execute <command> before loading any vimrc file -c <command> Execute <command> after loading the first file -S <session> Source file <session> after loading the first file -s <scriptin> Read Normal mode commands from file <scriptin> -w <scriptout> Append all typed commands to file <scriptout> -W <scriptout> Write all typed commands to file <scriptout> -x Edit encrypted files -i <viminfo> Use <viminfo> instead of .viminfo -h or --help Print Help (this message) and exit --version Print version information and exit
Examples
Show Line Numbers
While editing a document (and not inserting text), type the following to turn on line numbers:
:set number
If you tire of the line numbers, enter the following command to turn them off:
:set nonumber